{"id":348,"date":"2024-08-20T01:17:09","date_gmt":"2024-08-19T17:17:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/?p=348"},"modified":"2024-10-13T01:20:26","modified_gmt":"2024-10-12T17:20:26","slug":"%e5%bf%85%e4%bf%ae%e4%ba%8c%e6%9c%89%e6%9c%ba%e7%9f%a5%e8%af%86%e6%95%b4%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/index.php\/archives\/348","title":{"rendered":"\u5316\u5b66\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/gh\/highlightjs\/cdn-release@11.10.0\/build\/styles\/vs2015.min.css\">\n<script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/gh\/highlightjs\/cdn-release@11.10.0\/build\/languages\/latex.min.js\"><\/script><br \/>\n<script>hljs.highlightAll();<\/script><\/p>\n<p>\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8d77\u56e0\u662f\u6709\u51e0\u4f4d\u540c\u5b66\u56e0\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u7ade\u8d5b\u7f3a\u8bfe\u4e86\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u8ba9\u6211\u6574\u7406\u4e00\u4efd\u7b14\u8bb0\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u505a\u90fd\u505a\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u628a\u5b83\u505a\u5b8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u548c\u4e0a\u6b21\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u8bd1\u597d\u4e86~<\/p>\n<h1>\u9884\u89c8<\/h1>\n<h2>\u56fe\u7247\u9884\u89c8<\/h2>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-1-scaled.jpg'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  decoding=\"async\" data-original=\"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-1-scaled.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-2-scaled.jpg'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  decoding=\"async\" data-original=\"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-2-scaled.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-3-scaled.jpg'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  decoding=\"async\" data-original=\"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-3-scaled.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-4-scaled.jpg'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  decoding=\"async\" data-original=\"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-4-scaled.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-5-scaled.jpg'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  decoding=\"async\" data-original=\"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-5-scaled.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-6-scaled.jpg'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  decoding=\"async\" data-original=\"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-6-scaled.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-7-scaled.jpg'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  decoding=\"async\" data-original=\"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-7-scaled.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-8-scaled.jpg'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  decoding=\"async\" data-original=\"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-8-scaled.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<p><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-9-scaled.jpg'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  decoding=\"async\" data-original=\"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406-9-scaled.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><\/p>\n<h2>pdf\u9884\u89c8<\/h2>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406.pdf\" class=\"pdfemb-viewer\" style=\"\" data-width=\"max\" data-height=\"max\" data-toolbar=\"bottom\" data-toolbar-fixed=\"off\">\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406<\/a>\n<h1>\u4e0b\u8f7d<\/h1>\n<h2>pdf<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406.pdf\">\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>$\\LaTeX$\u6e90\u7801<\/h2>\n<div  class='collapse-block shadow-sm collapse-block-transparent collapsed hide-border-left'><div class='collapse-block-title'><span class='collapse-block-title-inner'>\u5c55\u5f00<\/span><i class='collapse-icon fa fa-angle-down'><\/i><\/div><div class='collapse-block-body' style='display:none;'><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-latex\">\\documentclass[UTF8, 10pt, a4paper, oneside]{ctexart}\r\n\\usepackage[version=4]{mhchem}\r\n\\usepackage{chemfig}\r\n\\usepackage{geometry}\r\n\\usepackage{extarrows}\r\n\\usepackage{paralist}\r\n\\usepackage{color}\r\n\\usepackage{forest}\r\n\\usepackage{cancel}\r\n\\usepackage{changepage}\r\n\\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing}\r\n\\setcharge{shortcuts=true}\r\n\r\n\\forestset{\r\n  forest scheme\/.style={\r\n    for tree={\r\n      inner sep=0pt,\r\n      outer sep=0pt,\r\n      fit=tight,\r\n      child anchor=west,\r\n      parent anchor=east,\r\n      grow'=0,\r\n      anchor=west,\r\n      align=left,\r\n      if n=1{\r\n        edge path'={(!u1.west) -- (!ul.west);}\r\n      }{no edge},\r\n      edge={decorate, decoration={brace,amplitude=1.5mm,mirror,raise=2mm}},\r\n    },\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n\r\n\\geometry{left=1.27cm, right=1.27cm, top=1.27cm, bottom=1.5cm}\r\n\\linespread{1.5}\r\n\\title{\\vspace{-2em}\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406}\r\n\\author{Lucas2011}\r\n\\date{\\today}\r\n\\pagestyle{plain}\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\\begin{document}\r\n\\maketitle\r\n\\section*{\u9884\u5907\u77e5\u8bc6}\r\n\\subsection{\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u547d\u540d}\r\n\\begin{asparaenum}[1)]\r\n    \\item \u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u6570\u4e0d\u591a\u4e8e10\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\\textbf{\u201c\u7532\u4e59\u4e19\u4e01\u620a\u5df1\u5e9a\u8f9b\u58ec\u7678\u201d}\u4ee3\u8868\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u6570\u91cf\r\n    \\item \u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u4e0d\u591a\u4e8e\u4e09\u4e2a\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\\textbf{\u201c\u6b63\u5f02\u65b0\u201d}\u52a0\u4ee5\u533a\u5206\r\n    \\item \u53ea\u6709C\u3001H\u7684\u79f0\u4e3a\u70c3\uff0c\u53ea\u6709$\\chemfig{ C(-[2,0.4])(-[4,0.4])(-[6,0.4])-[,0.6]C(-[,0.4])(-[2,0.4])(-[6,0.4]) }$\u7684\u79f0\u4e3a\u70f7\uff0c\u6709$\\chemfig{C(-[:120,0.4])(-[:240,0.4])=[,0.6]C(-[:60,0.4])(-[:300,0.4])}$\u7684\u79f0\u4e3a\u70ef\uff0c\u6709$\\ce{-C#C-}$\u7684\u79f0\u4e3a\u7094\r\n    \\item \u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u56e2\uff1a$\\ce{-CH3}$\u79f0\u4e3a\u7532\u57fa\u3001$\\ce{-CH2-}$\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e9a\u7532\u57fa\u3001$\\chemfig{ CH(-[2,0.5])(-[4,0.5])(-[0,0.5]) }$\u79f0\u4e3a\u6b21\u7532\u57fa\uff1b\u540c\u7406\uff0c$\\ce{-C2H5}$\u6216$\\ce{-CH2CH3}$\u4e3a\u4e59\u57fa\r\n\\end{asparaenum}\r\n\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7684\u8868\u793a}\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\uff1a} \u540c\u7c7b\u5143\u7d20\u5408\u5e76\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5199\uff0c\u5982\uff1a$ \\ce{ C2H6 } $\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u6700\u7b80\u5f0f\uff1a} \u628a\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3a\u6700\u7b80\u6574\u6570\u6bd4\uff0c\u5982\uff1a$ \\ce{ CH3 } $\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u7ed3\u6784\u5f0f\uff1a} \u201c\u4eae\u5251\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u6807\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u5de6\u4e00\uff08$ \\ce{CH4} $\uff09\uff1a\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u952e\u7ebf\u5f0f\uff1a}\u5728\u8d77\u70b9\u3001\u62d0\u70b9\u3001\u4ea4\u70b9\u3001\u7ec8\u70b9\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a$ \\ce{C} $\uff0c\u5269\u4f59$ \\ce{H} $\u81ea\u5df1\u8865\u5145\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u5de6\u4e8c\uff08 $ \\ce{C7H16} $ \uff09\u3001\u5de6\u4e09\uff1a\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\uff1a} \u7701\u7565\u5230\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u6b65\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f0f\u5b50\u4e2d\u7701\u7565\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8981\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u5de6\u516d\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\r\n\\begin{adjustwidth}{0.5em}{}\r\n\\begin{asparaenum}[Step 1]\r\n    \\item \uff08\u63a8\u8350\u53ea\u7701\u7565\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\uff09\u7701\u7565$\\ce{C-H}$\u952e\uff0c\\textbf{\u6ce8\u610f\u652f\u94fe\u53ea\u80fd\u8fde\u5728C\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u8fde\u5230H\u4e0a\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002}\u5982\u4e0b\u5de6\u56db\u3001\u5de6\u4e94\uff1a\r\n    \\item \u7701\u7565$\\ce{C-C}$\u952e\uff0c\u7528\u201c$\\ce{()}$\u201d\u8868\u793a\u652f\u94fe\uff0c\u5982\uff1a$ \\ce{CH3CH(CH2CH3)CH2CH2CH3} $\r\n    \\item \u5c06\u76f8\u540c\u57fa\u56e2\u5408\u5e76\u5199\uff0c\u5982$ \\ce{C(CH3)3CH(C2H5)CH3} $\uff1a\uff08\u4e0e\u4e0b\u5de6\u56db\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u5206\u5b50\uff09\r\n\\end{asparaenum}\r\n\\end{adjustwidth}\r\n\r\n\\begin{center}\r\n    $\r\n        \\chemfig{C(-[0,0.7]H)(-[2,0.7]H)(-[4,0.7]H)(-[6,0.7]H)}\r\n    $\r\n    \\qquad\r\n    $\r\n        \\chemfig{ [1,0.5]-[7,0.5]-[1,0.5]-[7,0.5]-[1,0.5]-[7,0.5]- }\r\n    $\r\n    \\qquad\r\n    $\r\n    \\chemfig{[:60,0.6]*6((=O)-O--(=O)-O--)}\r\n    $\r\n    \\qquad\r\n    $\r\n        \\chemfig{ C(-[2,0.7]CH_3)(-[4,0.7]CH_3)(-[6,0.7]CH_3)-[,0.7]CH(-[2,0.7]CH_2(-[2,0.7]CH_3))-[,0.7]CH_3 }\r\n    $\r\n    \\qquad\r\n    $\r\n        \\ce{ CH2=CH2 }\r\n    $\r\n    \\qquad\r\n    $\r\n    \\xcancel{\\ce{CH_3CH_2}\\chemfig{[,0.6]CH(-[6]CH_3)-CH_3}}\r\n    $\r\n\\end{center}\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u3001\u540c\u7cfb\u7269}\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\uff1a}\u51b3\u5b9a\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7279\u6027\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6216\u539f\u5b50\u56e2\u53eb\u505a\\textbf{\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2}\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u7f9f\u57fa\u662f\u9187\u7c7b\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\uff0c\u78b3\u78b3\u53cc\u952e\u548c\u78b3\u78b3\u4e09\u952e\u5206\u522b\u662f\u70ef\u70c3\u548c\u7094\u70c3\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u3002\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u540c\u7cfb\u7269\uff1a}\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u4e0e\u6570\u76ee\u76f8\u540c\uff08\u53ef\u7528\u4e0d\u9971\u548c\u5ea6\u5224\u65ad\uff09\r\n\r\n\\begin{adjustwidth}{0.5em}{}\r\n    e.g.\u82ef\u7684\u540c\u7cfb\u7269\uff1a\u82ef\u73af\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e14\u652f\u94fe\u4e3a\u70c3\u57fa\u7684\u662f\u82ef\u7684\u540c\u7cfb\u7269\r\n\\end{adjustwidth}\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u4e0d\u9971\u548c\u5ea6}\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a}\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e$\\ce{C_nH_{2n+2}}$ \uff0c\u6bcf\u5c11\u4e24\u4e2aH\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9971\u548c\u5ea6\uff08$\\Omega$\uff09\r\n\r\n\\newpage\r\n\r\ne.g.\r\n\r\n\\begin{table}[!ht]\r\n    \\centering\r\n    \\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}\r\n        \\hline\r\n        $\\chemfig{C(-[:120,0.4])(-[:240,0.4])=[,0.6]C(-[:60,0.4])(-[:300,0.4])}$\u3001\u73af\u70f7$\\chemfig{(-[2,0.6,,,white])-[6,0.5,,,white]}$ & \u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9971\u548c\u5ea6 \\\\ \\hline\r\n        $\\ce{-C#C-}$\u30012$\\times$\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9971\u548c\u5ea6   & \u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9971\u548c\u5ea6 \\\\ \\hline\r\n        $\\chemfig{[,0.5]*6(-=-=-=)}$ & \u56db\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9971\u548c\u5ea6 \\\\ \\hline\r\n    \\end{tabular}\r\n\\end{table}\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53}\r\n\r\n\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u4f46\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u4e92\u79f0\uff0c\u5982\u6b63\u4e01\u70f7\u548c\u5f02\u4e01\u70f7\u4e92\u4e3a\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\r\n\r\n\\subsubsection{\u78b3\u94fe\u5f02\u6784}\r\n\r\n\u5373\u7531\\textbf{\u78b3\u9aa8\u67b6\u4e0d\u540c}\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5f02\u6784\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u679a\u4e3e\u51fa\u5176\u6240\u6709\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\uff1a\r\n\r\n\\begin{inparaenum}[\\hspace{0.5em} Step 1]\r\n    \\item \u4e3b\u94fe\u7531\u957f\u5230\u77ed\uff08\u4e3b\u94fe\u957f\u5ea6$\\geq$ \u652f\u94fe\u957f\u5ea6\uff09\r\n    \\item \u652f\u94fe\u7531\u6574\u5230\u6563\r\n    \\item \u4f4d\u7f6e\u7531\u8f74\u5230\u8fb9\u4e0d\u5230\u7aef\r\n\\end{inparaenum}\r\n\r\n\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c$\\ce{C6H14}$\u67095\u79cd\u78b3\u94fe\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\uff0c$\\ce{C7H16}$\u67099\u79cd\u78b3\u94fe\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\uff0c$\\ce{C8H18}$\u670918\u79cd\u78b3\u94fe\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\r\n\r\n\\subsubsection{\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5f02\u6784}\r\n\r\n\u5373\u7531\\textbf{\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c}\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5f02\u6784\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\r\n\r\n\\begin{asparaenum}[1)]\r\n    \\item \\textbf{\u919a\u952e\uff1a}\u4e32\u6c27\u6cd5$\\Rightarrow$\u5148\u679a\u4e3e\u78b3\u9aa8\u67b6\u5f02\u6784\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u518d\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u4e2d\u4e32\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\r\n    \\item \\textbf{\u78b3\u78b3\u53cc\u952e\u3001\u78b3\u78b3\u4e09\u952e\uff1a}\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e32\u6c27\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u201c\u78b3\u56db\u4ef7\u201d\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u82e5\u67d0\u4e00\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u5df2\u7ecf\u9971\u548c\uff08\u8fde\u63a5\u4e86\u56db\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e2\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u9644\u8fd1\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u6709\u53cc\u952e\r\n    \\item \\textbf{\u5355\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\uff1a}\u70c3\u57fa+\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2$\\Rightarrow$\u5c06\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u6570\u4e3a\u70c3\u57fa\u5f02\u6784\u6570\r\n    \r\n    \u5176\u4e2d\u70c3\u57fa\u7684\u5f02\u6784\u6570\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\uff1a\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4ee5\u52a0\u901f\u89e3\u9898\uff09\r\n\r\n    \\begin{table}[!ht]\r\n        \\centering\r\n        \\begin{tabular}{ccccc}\r\n            \u7532\u57fa & \u4e59\u57fa & \u4e19\u57fa & \u4e01\u57fa & \u620a\u57fa \\\\ \\hline\r\n            1 & 1 & 2 & 4 & 8 \\\\ \r\n        \\end{tabular}\r\n    \\end{table}\r\n        \r\n    \u7b49\u6548\u6c22\u6cd5$\\Rightarrow$\u6570\u7b49\u6548\u6c22\u79cd\u6570\uff0c\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u6570\u4e3a\u7b49\u6548\u6c22\u79cd\u6570\r\n\r\n    \u7b49\u6548\u6c22\uff0c\u5373\u76f8\u540c\u5316\u5b66\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u7684\u6c22\uff1a\r\n\r\n    \\begin{inparaenum}[\\quad i.]\r\n        \\item \u540c\u78b3\u6c22\r\n        \\item \u5bf9\u79f0\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u7684\u6c22\r\n        \\item \u540c\u78b3\u7532\u57fa\u6c22\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u90fd\u662f\u7b49\u6548\u6c22\r\n        \\[\r\n            \\chemfig{C(-[0,0.9]C(-[0,0.6]H)(-[2,0.6]H)(-[6,0.6]H))(-[2,0.9]C(-[0,0.6]H)(-[2,0.6]H)(-[4,0.6]H))(-[4,0.9]C(-[6,0.6]H)(-[2,0.6]H)(-[4,0.6]H))(-[6,0.9]C(-[0,0.6]H)(-[6,0.6]H)(-[4,0.6]H))}\r\n        \\]\r\n    \\end{inparaenum}\r\n\r\n    \\item \\textbf{\u4e8c\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\uff1a}\u5b9a\u4e00\u79fb\u4e8c$\\Rightarrow$\u5148\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u518d\u79fb\u52a8\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u679a\u4e3e\r\n    \\item \\textbf{\u591a\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\uff1a}\u4e92\u8865\u6cd5$\\Rightarrow$ e.g. $\\ce{C2H6}$\u7684\u4e8c\u53d6\u4ee3\u6570 = $\\ce{C2H6}$\u7684\u56db\u53d6\u4ee3\u6570\r\n    \\item \\textbf{\u8102\u73af\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff1a}\u73af\u4e0a\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u7531\u591a\u5230\u5c11\u4f9d\u6b21\u679a\u4e3e\r\n    \r\n    e.g. $\\ce{C5H10}$\u7684\u4e3a\u8102\u73af\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b5\u79cd\uff1a\r\n\r\n    $$\r\n    \\chemfig{[:90,0.5]*5(-----)} \\qquad \\chemfig{[,0.5]*4(--([::300]-)--)} \\qquad \\chemfig{[:330,0.5]*3(--(-[::270]-[::300])-)} \\qquad \\chemfig{[:330,0.5]*3(--(-[::270])(-[::30])-)} \\qquad \\chemfig{[:330,0.5]*3(-(-[::330])-(-[::270])-)}\r\n    $$\r\n    \\item \\textbf{\u82ef\u73af\uff1a}\r\n    \r\n    i. \u4e24\u4e2a\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\r\n    $$\r\n    \\mathop{\\chemfig{[,0.4]*6(-(-X)=(-X)-=-=)}}\\limits_{\\mbox{\\kaishu \u90bb}} \\qquad \\mathop{\\chemfig{[,0.4]*6(-(-X)=-=-(-X)=)}}\\limits_{\\mbox{\\kaishu \u95f4}} \\qquad \\mathop{\\chemfig{[,0.4]*6(-(-X)=-=(-X)-=)}}\\limits_{\\mbox{\\kaishu \u5bf9}}\r\n    $$\r\n\r\n    ii. \u4e09\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\r\n    $$\r\n    \\mathop{\\chemfig{[,0.4]*6(-(-X)=(-X)-(-X)=-=)}}\\limits_{\\mbox{\\kaishu \u90bb}} \\qquad \\mathop{\\chemfig{[,0.4]*6(-(-X)=(-X)-=(-X)-=)}}\\limits_{\\mbox{\\kaishu \u504f}} \\qquad \\mathop{\\chemfig{[,0.4]*6(-(-X)=-(-X)=-(-X)=)}}\\limits_{\\mbox{\\kaishu \u95f4\/\u5747}}\r\n    $$\r\n\r\n    iii. \u4e09\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\r\n\r\n    \\begin{center}\r\n        $\\chemfig{[,0.4]*6(-(-Y)=(-X)-(-X)=-=)}$\u2014\u20146\u79cd \\qquad $\\chemfig{[,0.4]*6(-(-Z)=(-Y)-(-X)=-=)}$\u2014\u201410\u79cd\r\n    \\end{center}\r\n\r\n\\end{asparaenum}\r\n\r\n\\subsubsection{\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u5f02\u6784}\r\n\r\n\u5373\u7531\\textbf{\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u4e0d\u540c}\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5f02\u6784\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u5f02\u6784\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff1a\r\n\r\n\\begin{asparaenum}[1)]\r\n    \\item \u70ef\u70c3$\\Leftrightarrow$\u73af\u70f7\u70c3\uff08$\\Omega = 1$\uff09\r\n    \\item \u7094\u70c3$\\Leftrightarrow$\u4e8c\u70ef\u70c3$\\Leftrightarrow$\u73af\u70ef\u70c3\uff08$\\Omega = 2$\uff09\r\n    \\item \u9187$\\Leftrightarrow$\u919a\uff08$\\Omega = 0$\uff09\r\n    \\item \u919b$\\Leftrightarrow$\u916e\uff08$\\Omega = 1$\uff09\r\n    \\item \u9178$\\Leftrightarrow$\u916f\uff08$\\Omega = 1$\uff09\uff1a\u5206\u78b3\u6cd5$\\Rightarrow$\u5206\u522b\u627e\u5230\u4ea7\u751f\u76ee\u6807\u916f\u7684\u9178\u548c\u9187\u6240\u542b\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u6570\r\n    \r\n    e.g. $\\ce{C5H10O2}$\r\n\r\n    \\begin{table}[!ht]\r\n        \\centering\r\n        \\begin{tabular}{rccccccccc}\r\n            \\textbf{\u9178} & 1 & ~ & 2 & ~ & 3 & ~ & 4 & ~ & ~ \\\\ \r\n            \\textbf{\u9178\u79cd\u6570} & 1\u79cd & ~ & 1\u79cd & ~ & 1\u79cd & ~ & 2\u79cd & ~ & ~ \\\\ \r\n            \\textbf{} & 4\u79cd & + & 2\u79cd & + & 1\u79cd & + & 2\u79cd & = & 9\u79cd \\\\ \r\n            \\textbf{\u9187\u79cd\u6570} & 4\u79cd & ~ & 2\u79cd & ~ & 1\u79cd & ~ & 1\u79cd & ~ & ~ \\\\ \r\n            \\textbf{\u9187} & 4 & ~ & 3 & ~ & 2 & ~ & 1 & ~ & ~ \\\\ \r\n        \\end{tabular}\r\n    \\end{table}\r\n\r\n    \u6ce8\uff1a\u53ea\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u78b3\u7684\u7fa7\u9178\u662f\u7532\u9178\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u5f0f\u4e3a$\\chemfig{[,0.6]H-C(=[2]O)-O-H}$\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u7fa7\u57fa\u548c\u919b\u57fa\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u4f46\u4e60\u60ef\u4e0a\u53ea\u8bf4\u5176\u542b\u6709\u7fa7\u57fa\r\n\\end{asparaenum}\r\n\r\n\\subsubsection{\u987a\u53cd\u5f02\u6784}\r\n\r\n\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709$\\chemfig{C(-[:120,0.4])(-[:240,0.4])=[,0.6]C(-[:60,0.4])(-[:300,0.4])}$\uff0c\u4e14\u5728\u5176\u6240\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u57fa\u56e2\u4e2d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e2\u4e0e\u4f17\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8bf7\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\r\n\r\n$$\\mathop{\\chemfig{[,0.6]C(-[:120]X)(-[:240]Y)=[,0.6]C(-[:60]X)(-[:300]Y)}}\\limits_{\\mbox{\\kaishu \u987a\u5f0f}} \\qquad \\mathop{\\chemfig{[,0.6]C(-[:120]Y)(-[:240]X)=[,0.6]C(-[:60]X)(-[:300]Y)}}\\limits_{\\mbox{\\kaishu \u53cd\u5f0f}}$$\r\n\r\n\\subsubsection{\u5bf9\u6620\u5f02\u6784}\r\n\r\n\u5373\\textbf{\u624b\u6027\u5206\u5b50}\uff0c\u4e2d\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u5bf9\u5176\u5224\u65ad\u4e0d\u505a\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6c42\u638c\u63e1\u624b\u6027\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u5224\u65ad\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u201c*\u201d\u6807\u8bc6\uff09\uff1a\\\\\r\n\\begin{inparaenum}[\\quad 1)]\r\n    \\item \u4e3a$sp^3$\u6742\u5316\r\n    \\item \u6240\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e2\u4e0d\u540c\r\n\\end{inparaenum}\r\n\r\n\\newpage\r\n\r\ne.g.\r\n\r\n$$\\chemfig{[,0.6]H_2N-\\charge{[circle]45=*}{C}(-[2]H)([,0.4]-[6]*6(-=-=-=))-COOH} \\qquad \\chemfig{[,0.6]HOOC-\\charge{[circle]45=*}{C}(-[2]H)([,0.4]-[6]*6(-=-=-=))-NH_2}$$\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u6709\u673a\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f}\r\n\r\n\\begin{asparaenum}[1)]\r\n    \\item \u6709\u673a\u53cd\u5e94\u590d\u6742\u4e14\u5e38\u4f34\u6709\u526f\u53cd\u5e94\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6545\u4f7f\u7528\u201c$\\ce{->T[\\quad]}$\u201d\u800c\u975e\u201c$\\xlongequal{\\quad}$\u201d\r\n    \\item \u6709\u673a\u7269\u5e38\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\uff0c\u6545\u9664\u4e86\u71c3\u70e7\u53cd\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u5f8b\u4f7f\u7528\\textbf{\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f}\r\n\\end{asparaenum}\r\n\r\n\r\n\\section{\u7532\u70f7}\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u70f7\u70c3}\r\n\r\n\u53ea\u542b\u6709C\u548cH\u4e24\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u90fd\u4ee5\u5355\u952e\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u4ef7\u952e\u5747\u4e0eH\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4f7fC\u7684\u5316\u5408\u4ef7\u90fd\u8fbe\u5230\u201c\u9971\u548c\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u79f0\u4e3a\\textbf{\u9971\u548c\u70c3}\u6216\\textbf{\u70f7\u70c3}\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u4e3a$\\ce{C_nH_{2n+2}}$\u3002\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u7532\u70f7\u7684\u7ed3\u6784}\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u6b63\u56db\u9762\u4f53}\r\n\r\n\u5982\u4f55\u8bc1\u660e\u7532\u70f7\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3a\u6b63\u56db\u9762\u4f53\uff1f\r\n\r\n\\begin{asparaenum}[1)]\r\n    \\item \u6676\u4f53\u7684X\u5c04\u7ebf\u884d\u5c04\u6d4b\u5f97\u952e\u957f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u952e\u89d2\u4e3a$109^{\\circ}28'$\r\n    \\item \u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u4e8c\u6c2f\u7532\u70f7\r\n\\end{asparaenum}\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u70f7\u70c3\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28}\r\n\r\n\u70f7\u70c3\u4e3a\u65e0\u8272\u65e0\u5473\u7684\u96be\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u7684\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u5176\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5747\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6c34\u3002\r\n\r\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76f4\u94fe\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5e38\u6e29\u4e0b\u7269\u8d28\u72b6\u6001\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0b\u8868\uff1a\r\n\r\n\\begin{table}[!ht]\r\n    \\centering\r\n    \\begin{tabular}{c|c}\r\n        $C_1 \\sim C_4 \\hspace{0.5em}+$\u65b0\u620a\u70f7          & \u6c14\u6001 \\\\\r\n        $C_5 \\sim C_{17}$       & \u6db2\u6001 \\\\\r\n        $C_{18} \\sim C_\\infty $ & \u56fa\u6001 \\\\\r\n    \\end{tabular}\r\n\\end{table}\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u540c\u78b3\u6570\u7684\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u652f\u94fe\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u7194\u6cb8\u70b9\u8d8a\u4f4e\u3002\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u70f7\u70c3\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28}\r\n\\begin{asparaenum}[1)]\r\n    \\item \u70f7\u70c3\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e38\u6e29\u4e0b\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4e0e\u5f3a\u9178\u3001\u5f3a\u78b1\u6216\u5f3a\u6c27\u5316\u5242\uff08\u9178\u6027\u9ad8\u9530\u9178\u94be\uff09\u53cd\u5e94\r\n    \\item \u70f7\u70c3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u71c3\u70e7\uff0c\u653e\u51fa\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u70ed\uff0c\\textbf{\u6ca1\u6709\u9ed1\u70df}\r\n    \\[\r\n        \\ce{C_nH_{2n+2} + \\frac{3 n + 1}{2}O2 ->T[\\mbox{\u70b9\u71c3}][] nCO2 + (n + 1)H2O }\r\n    \\]\r\n    \\item \u70f7\u70c3\u5728\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u88c2\u89e3\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u70f7\u548c\u70ef\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u662f\\textbf{\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u3001\u52a0\u70ed\u3001\u52a0\u538b}\r\n    \\[\r\n        \\ce{C8H18 ->T[CAT][T , P]C4H10 + C4H8 }\r\n    \\]\r\n    \\item \u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u5728\u5149\u7167\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u70f7\u70c3\u4f1a\u548c\u5364\u7d20\u53d1\u751f\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u89c1\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\r\n\\end{asparaenum}\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff1a\u7532\u70f7\u4e0e\u6c2f\u6c14\u7684\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94}\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff1a}\r\n\r\n\\begin{align*}\r\n    \\ce{CH4 + Cl2    & ->T[\\mbox{\\textbf{\u5149}}] CH3Cl + HCl }  \\\\\r\n    \\ce{CH3Cl + Cl2  & ->T[\\mbox{\\textbf{\u5149}}] CH2Cl2 + HCl } \\\\\r\n    \\ce{CH2Cl2 + Cl2 & ->T[\\mbox{\\textbf{\u5149}}] CHCl3 + HCl }  \\\\\r\n    \\ce{CHCl3 + Cl2  & ->T[\\mbox{\\textbf{\u5149}}] CCl4 + HCl }\r\n\\end{align*}\r\n\r\n\\small\r\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u53cd\u5e94\u5c06\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u5176\u5148\u53ea\u53cd\u5e94\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u6545\u4e00\u822c\u5de5\u4e1a\u5408\u6210\u4e0d\u91c7\u7528\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5206\u79bb\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u5927\u3002\r\n\\normalsize\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u5b9e\u9a8c\u73b0\u8c61\uff1a}\r\n\\begin{asparaenum}[1)]\r\n    \\item \u6db2\u9762\u4e0a\u5347$\\Leftarrow${\\kaishu \u8bd5\u7ba1\u4e2d\u6c14\u4f53\u88ab\u6d88\u8017}\r\n    \\item \u9ec4\u7eff\u8272\u9010\u6e10\u53d8\u6d45$\\Leftarrow${\\kaishu \u6c2f\u6c14\u88ab\u6d88\u8017}\r\n    \\item \u8bd5\u7ba1\u58c1\u51fa\u73b0\u6cb9\u6ef4$\\Leftarrow \\ce{CH2Cl2 , CHCl3 , CCl4}$\r\n    \\item \u8bd5\u7ba1\u5185\u6709\u767d\u96fe$\\Leftarrow \\ce{HCl}$\r\n    \\item \u6c34\u69fd\u4e2d\u6790\u51fa\u767d\u8272\u6676\u4f53$\\Leftarrow${\\kaishu \u6c34\u69fd\u4e2d\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u5e73\u8861\uff1a}\r\n\\end{asparaenum}\r\n\\vspace{-1em}\r\n\\begin{align*}\r\n    \\ce{NaCl_{(s)} & <=> Na^+_{(aq)} + Cl^-_{(aq)}  } \\\\\r\n    \\ce{HCl_{(g)}  & <=> H^+_{(aq)} + Cl^-_{(aq)} }\r\n\\end{align*}\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u7528\u6f2b\u5c04\u5149\uff1f}\r\n\r\n\\begin{inparaenum}[\\quad 1)]\r\n    \\item \u6697\u5904\u4e0d\u53cd\u5e94\r\n    \\item \u5f3a\u5149\u4f1a\u7206\u70b8\r\n\\end{inparaenum}\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u5c3e\u6c14\u5904\u7406\uff1a}\r\n\r\n\u4f7f\u7528$\\ce{NaOH}$\u6eb6\u6db2\uff1a\r\n\r\n\\begin{align*}\r\n    \\ce{2NaOH + Cl2  & \\xlongequal{\\quad} NaClO + NaCl + H2O} \\\\\r\n    \\ce{CH3Cl + NaOH & -> NaCl + CH3OH }\r\n\\end{align*}\r\n\r\n\r\n\\section{\u4e59\u70ef}\r\n\r\n\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u4e3a$\\ce{C2H4}$\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u5f0f\u4e3a$\\chemfig{C(-[:120,0.6]H)(-[:240,0.6]H)=[,0.7]C(-[:60,0.6]H)(-[:300,0.6]H)}$\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3a$\\ce{CH2=CH2}$\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e19\u70ef\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3a$\\ce{CH2=CH-CH3}$\uff0c\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u662f\u78b3\u78b3\u53cc\u952e\u3002\r\n\r\n\\vspace{1em}\u4e59\u70ef\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u50ac\u719f\u6c34\u679c\uff0c\u70ed\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1a\u4f60\u5403\u7684\u9999\u8549\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u672a\u6210\u719f\u65f6\u6458\u4e0b\u6765\u5e76\u7528\u4e59\u70ef\u50ac\u719f\u7684\u3002\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u4e59\u70ef\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28}\r\n\r\n\u4e59\u70ef\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u8272\u3001\u7a0d\u6709\u6c14\u5473\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6bd4\u7a7a\u6c14\u7684\u7565\u5c0f\uff0c\u96be\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u3002\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u4e59\u70ef\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28}\r\n\r\n\\begin{asparaenum}[1)]\r\n    \\item \u4e59\u70ef\u5177\u6709\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u9178\u6027\u9ad8\u9530\u9178\u94be\u6eb6\u6db2\u892a\u8272\uff0c\u88ab\u6c27\u5316\u6210$\\ce{CO2}$$\\Rightarrow ${\\kaishu \u6709\u201c$\\chemfig{C(-[:120,0.4])(-[:240,0.4])=[,0.6]C(-[:60,0.4])(-[:300,0.4])}$\u201d\u7684\u90fd\u53ef\u4e0e\u5f3a\u6c27\u5316\u5242\u53cd\u5e94}\r\n    \\begin{adjustwidth}{2em}{}\r\n        \\kaishu\r\n        \u9644\uff1a\u6c27\u5316\/\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5224\u65ad\uff1a\\qquad \u6c27\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u52a0O\u53bbH \\qquad \u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u52a0H\u53bbO\r\n    \\end{adjustwidth}\r\n    \\item \u4e59\u70ef\u80fd\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff0c\\textbf{\u706b\u7130\u660e\u4eae\u4e14\u4f34\u6709\u9ed1\u70df\uff08\u542b\u78b3\u91cf\u9ad8\u4e0d\u6613\u5b8c\u5168\u71c3\u70e7\uff09}\r\n    \\[\r\n        \\ce{C2H4 + 3O2 ->T[\\mbox{\u70b9\u71c3}][] 2CO2 + 2H2O}\r\n    \\]\r\n    \\item \u52a0\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4e59\u70ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u6eb4\u7684\u56db\u6c2f\u5316\u78b3\u6eb6\u6db2\u892a\u8272$\\Rightarrow ${\\kaishu \u6709\u201c$\\chemfig{C(-[:120,0.4])(-[:240,0.4])=[,0.6]C(-[:60,0.4])(-[:300,0.4])}$\u201d\u7684\u90fd\u53ef\u53d1\u751f\u52a0\u6210\u53cd\u5e94}\r\n    \\[\r\n        \\ce{CH2=CH2 + Br2 -> CH2Br-CH2Br}\r\n    \\]\r\n\r\n    \\hspace{3em} \u53cd\u5e94\u5386\u7a0b\uff1a\r\n    \\[\r\n        \\chemfig{C(-[:120,0.6]H)(-[:240,0.6]H)=[,0.7]C(-[:60,0.6]H)(-[:300,0.6]H)} \\quad \\ce{Br-Br} \\ce{->T[\\quad]} \\chemfig{H-[,0.5]C(-[6,0.5]H)(-[2,0.5]\\textcolor{white}{P}(-[2,0.5]Br(-[0,0.5]Br)))-[,0.5]C(-[0,0.5]H)(-[2,0.5]\\textcolor{white}{P}(-[2,0.5]))(-[6,0.5]H)} \\ce{->T[\\quad]} \\chemfig{C(-[4,0.5]H)(-[6,0.5]H)(-[2,0.5]Br)-[,0.5]C(-[0,0.5]H)(-[6,0.5]H)(-[2,0.5]Br)}\r\n    \\]\r\n\r\n    \\hspace{3em} \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u4e0e\u6c2f\u6c14\u3001\u6c22\u6c14\u3001\u6c2f\u5316\u6c22\u53d1\u751f\u52a0\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\r\n    \\begin{align*}\r\n        \\ce{CH2=CH2 + H2   & ->T[CAT][$\\triangle$] CH3-CH3 } \\\\\r\n        \\ce{CH2=CH2 + H-OH & ->T[CAT][T , P] CH3-CH2-OH }\r\n    \\end{align*}\r\n    \\hspace{3em} \u5728\u6c34\u3001\u5364\u5316\u6c22\u4e0e\u70ef\u70c3\u7684\u52a0\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4ea7\u7269\u7684H\u603b\u662f\u52a0\u5728\u8fde\u6c22\u6700\u591a\u7684\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u4e0a\u3002\\textbf{\uff08\u6c22\u4e0a\u52a0\u6c22\uff09}\r\n\r\n    \\hspace{3em} \u5982\uff1a\r\n    \\[\r\n        \\ce{CH3-CH=CH2 + H-Br ->T[CAT] CH3-CHBr-CH3 \\mbox{(\u4e3b\u8981)}}\r\n    \\]\r\n    \\hspace{4em}{\\kaishu \u9644\uff1a$\\chemfig{C(-[:120,0.4])(-[:240,0.4])=[,0.6]C(-[:60,0.4])(-[:300,0.4])}$\u52a0\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a}\r\n    \\begin{align*}\r\n        + X_2 \\quad & \\ce{->T[]} \\\\\r\n        + HX \\quad & \\ce{->T[CAT]} \\\\\r\n        + H_2 \\quad & \\ce{->T[CAT][$\\triangle$]}\\\\\r\n        + H_2O\\quad & \\ce{->T[CAT][T , P]}\r\n    \\end{align*}\r\n    \\item \u52a0\u6210\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5373\u52a0\u805a\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4e59\u70ef\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u53d1\u751f\u52a0\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fde\u6210\u5f88\u957f\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u94fe\uff1a\r\n    \\[\r\n        \\ce{n CH2=CH2 ->T[CAT][]} \\chemfig{\\vphantom{CH_2}-[@{left,0.5},0.6]CH_2-[,0.7]CH_2-[@{right,0.5},0.6]}\r\n        \\polymerdelim[delimiters={[]},height=5pt, depth=5pt, indice=n]{left}{right}\r\n    \\]\r\n    \\hspace{3em} \u5176\u4e2d\u201c$\\ce{-CH2-CH2-}$\u201d\u79f0\u4e3a\u94fe\u8282\uff0c$n$\u79f0\u4e3a\u805a\u5408\u5ea6\uff0c$\\ce{CH2=CH2}$\u79f0\u4e3a\u5355\u4f53\u3002\r\n\r\n    \\hspace{3em} \u540c\u7406\uff0c\u4e19\u70ef\u4e5f\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\r\n    \\[\r\n        \\ce{n CH2=CH-CH3 ->T[CAT][]} \\chemfig{\\vphantom{CH_2}-[@{left,0.5},0.6]CH_2-[,0.7]CH(-[6,0.6]CH_3)-[@{right,0.5},0.6]}\r\n        \\polymerdelim[delimiters={[]},height=5pt, depth=5pt, indice=n]{left}{right}\r\n    \\]\r\n\\end{asparaenum}\r\n\r\n\\section{\u4e59\u9187}\r\n\r\n\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u4e3a$\\ce{C2H6O}$\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u5f0f\u4e3a$\\chemfig{C(-[2,0.6]H)(-[4,0.6]H)(-[6,0.6]H)-[,0.6]C(-[2,0.6]H)(-[6,0.6]H)-[,0.6]O-[,0.6]H}$\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3a$\\ce{C2H5OH}$\u3002\u662f\\textbf{\u70c3\u7684\u884d\u751f\u7269}\uff0c\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u4e3a\u7f9f\u57fa\u3002\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u533b\\vspace{1em}\r\n\r\n\\hspace{-2em}\u836f\u3001\u9999\u6599\u3001\u5316\u5986\u54c1\u3001\u6d82\u6599\u7b49\uff0c\u5e38\u752875\\%\u7684\u9152\u7cbe\u6d88\u6bd2\u3002\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u4e59\u9187\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28}\r\n\r\n\u4e59\u9187\u65e0\u8272\u3001\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u9999\u5473\uff1b\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6bd4\u6c34\u5c0f\uff0c\u6613\u6325\u53d1\uff1b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6709\u673a\u6eb6\u5242\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6eb6\u89e3\u591a\u79cd\u6709\u673a\u7269\u548c\u65e0\u673a\u7269\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u4e0e\u6c34\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e92\u6eb6\u3002\r\n\r\n\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\\textbf{\u84b8\u998f}\u5206\u79bb\u6c34\u548c\u4e59\u9187\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6cb8\u70b9\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u9700\u5728\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165$\\ce{CaO}$\u5438\u6c34\uff0c\u628a\u95ee\u9898\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5c06\u4e59\u9187\u548c$\\ce{Ca(OH)2}$\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u662f\u79bb\u5b50\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u6cb8\u70b9\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u5206\u79bb\u6548\u679c\u8f83\u597d\u3002\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u4e59\u9187\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28}\r\n\r\n\\begin{asparaenum}[1)]\r\n    \\item \u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4e0e$\\ce{Na}$\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u751f\u6210\\textbf{\u79bb\u5b50\u5316\u5408\u7269}\u4e59\u9187\u94a0$\\ce{CH3CH2ONa}$\r\n    \\[\r\n        \\ce{2CH3CH2OH + 2Na -> 2CH3CH2ONa + H2 ^ }\r\n    \\]\r\n\r\n    \\hspace{2em}\u73b0\u8c61\uff1a\u6bd4\u6c34\u4e0e\u94a0\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u591a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e$\\rho_{C_2H_5OH} < \\rho_{Na} < \\rho_{H_2O}$\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5$Na$\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6d6e\u5728\u6db2\u9762\u4e0a\u3002\r\n    \\item \u4e59\u9187\u80fd\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\uff0c\u653e\u51fa\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u70ed\u3002\u3010\u9152\u7cbe\u706f\u3011\r\n    \\[\r\n        \\ce{C2H5OH + 3O2 ->T[\u70b9\u71c3][] 2CO2 + 3H2O}\r\n    \\]\r\n    \\item \u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u3002\u4e59\u9187\u5728\u6709\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6c27\u6c14\u6c27\u5316\u4e3a\u4e59\u919b\uff0c\u518d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u88ab\u6c27\u5316\u6210\u4e59\u9178\uff1a\r\n    \r\n    \\hspace{2em} $\\Rightarrow$ {\\textbf{\u4e0d\u662f}\\kaishu \u6240\u6709\u9187\u90fd\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u78b3\u4e0a\u540c\u65f6\u8fde$\\ce{-OH}$\u548c$\\ce{-H}$\u65f6\u624d\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u3002}\r\n\r\n    \\[\r\n        \\ce{2C2H5OH + O2 ->T[Cu\/Ag][$\\triangle$] 2CH3CHO + 2H2O} \\qquad \\Delta H < 0\r\n    \\]\r\n    \\hspace{2em}\u53cd\u5e94\u673a\u7406\uff1a\\vspace{-2em}\r\n\r\n    \\begin{align}\r\n        \\ce{2Cu + O2 &#038; \\xlongequal{\\triangle} 2CuO} \\\\\r\n        \\ce{C2H5OH + CuO &#038; -> Cu + H2O + CH3CHO}\r\n    \\end{align}\r\n    \\item \u4e59\u9187\u5177\u6709\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u9178\u6027\u9ad8\u9530\u9178\u94be\u6eb6\u6db2\u892a\u8272\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u88ab\u6c27\u5316\u6210\u4e59\u9178\u3002\r\n    \r\n    \\begin{adjustwidth}{2em}{}\r\n        $\\Rightarrow$ \\textbf{\u4e0d\u662f}\\kaishu \u6240\u6709\u9187\u90fd\u80fd\u88ab\u6c27\u5316\uff1a\r\n\r\n        \\quad \u8981\u6c27\u5316\u6210\u919b\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u78b3\u4e0a\u5fc5\u987b\u540c\u65f6\u8fde$\\ce{-OH}$\u548c$\\ce{-H}$\u3002\r\n\r\n        \\quad \u8981\u6c27\u5316\u6210\u9178\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u78b3\u4e0a\u5fc5\u987b\u540c\u65f6\u8fde$\\ce{-OH}$\u548c$2 \\times \\ce{-H}$\u3002\r\n    \\end{adjustwidth}\r\n\r\n    \\begin{adjustwidth}{2em}{}\r\n        $\\Rightarrow$ {\\kaishu \u9187\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u9075\u5faa\uff1a}\r\n    \\end{adjustwidth}\r\n\r\n    \\[\r\n        \\ce{-OH} \\ce{<=>T[$- \\ce{2H}$][$\\ce{+H2}$]} \\chemfig{[,0.5]-[,0.4]C(=[2]O)-H} \\hspace{0.3em}\/\\hspace{0.3em} \\chemfig{[,0.5]-[,0.4]C(=[2]O)-[,0.4]} \\ce{->T[+O]} \\ce{-COOH}\r\n    \\]\r\n\r\n    \\item \u6d88\u53bb\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u53cd\u5e94\u6e29\u5ea6\u6709\u5173\uff1a\r\n    \\begin{align*}\r\n        \\ce{CH3CH2OH & ->T[$\\ce{H2SO4_{(con_.)}}$][$170^\\circ C $] CH2=CH2 ^ + H2O} \\\\\r\n        \\ce{2CH3CH2OH & ->T[$\\ce{H2SO4_{(con_.)}}$][$140^\\circ C $] C2H5-O-C2H5 + H2O}\r\n    \\end{align*}\r\n\r\n\\end{asparaenum}\r\n\r\n\\section{\u4e59\u9178}\r\n\r\n\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u4e3a$\\ce{C2H4O2}$\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3a$\\ce{CH3COOH}$\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5199\u4e3a$\\ce{HAc}$\uff0c\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u662f\u7fa7\u57fa\u3002\u98df\u918b\u4e2d\u542b\u67093\\% $\\sim$ 5\\% \u7684\u4e59\u9178\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e59\u9178\u53c8\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u918b\u9178\u3002\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u4e59\u9178\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28}\r\n\r\n\u4e59\u9178\u6807\u51b5\u4e0b\u5448\u56fa\u6001\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7eaf\u51c0\u7684\u4e59\u9178\u53c8\u53eb\\textbf{\u51b0\u918b\u9178}\u3002\u4e59\u9178\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u548c\u4e59\u9187\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e59\u9187\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u6325\u53d1\u3002\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u4e59\u9178\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28}\r\n\r\n\\begin{asparaenum}[1)]\r\n    \\item \u4e59\u9178\u6709\u9178\u6027\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u9178\u7684\u901a\u6027\uff1a\r\n    \\begin{center}\r\n        $\\ce{2HAc + 2Na -> 2NaAc + H2 ^}$\\qquad\\qquad$\\ce{2HAc + Na2O -> H2O + 2NaAc}$\\qquad\\qquad$\\ce{HAc + NaOH -> NaAc + H2O}$\r\n\r\n        $\\ce{2HAc + Na2CO3 -> H2O + CO2 ^ + 2NaAc}$\\qquad\\qquad$\\ce{HAc + NaHCO3 -> H2O + CO2 ^ + NaAc}$\r\n    \\end{center}\r\n    \\begin{adjustwidth}{2em}{}\r\n        {\\kaishu\r\n        \u8fa8\u6790:$\\ce{-COOH}$\u3001$\\ce{H2O}$\u3001$\\ce{-OH}$\u4e0e$\\ce{Na}$\u53cd\u5e94}\r\n\r\n        {\\kaishu\r\n        \\hspace{2em}$\\ce{-COOH}$\u662f\u7fa7\u9178\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u53d1\u7684\u5728\u5176\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7535\u79bb\u51fa$\\ce{H+}$\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53cd\u5e94\u6700\u5267\u70c8\uff1b$\\ce{H2O}$\u6781\u6027\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u6545\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5267\u70c8\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5176\u6b21\uff1b\u800c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u4e3a$\\ce{-OH}$\u7684\u6709\u673a\u7269\u65c1\u8fb9\u6240\u63a5\u7684\u57fa\u56e2\u90fd\u662f\\textbf{\u63a8\u7535\u5b50\u57fa\u56e2}\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86$\\ce{O-H}$\u7684\u6781\u6027\uff0cH\u6d3b\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u8f83\u5e73\u7f13\u3002\r\n        }\r\n    \\end{adjustwidth}\r\n    \\item \u916f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\uff09\u3002\u9178\u4e0e\u9187\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u65ad\u952e\u9075\u5b88\u201c\u9178\u53bb\u7f9f\u57fa\u9187\u53bb\u6c22\u201d\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u916f\u548c\u6c34\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981$\\ce{H2SO4_{(con_.)}}$\u4f5c\u4e3a\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\\vspace{-2em}\r\n\\end{asparaenum}\r\n\r\n\\[\r\n    \\ce{\\mbox{\u9178} + \\mbox{\u9187} <=>T[$\\ce{H2SO4_{(con_.)}}$][$\\triangle$] n H2O + \\mbox{\u916f}}\r\n\\]\r\n\r\n\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u542b$\\ce{-COOH}$\u548c$\\ce{-OH}$\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u6211\u916f\u5316\u6210\u73af\uff0c\u5982$\\ce{HO-CH2-COOH}$\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u5982\u4e0b\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\r\n\\[\r\n    \\ce{HO-CH2-COOH <=>T[$\\ce{H2SO4_{(con_.)}}$][$\\triangle$] H2O + } \\chemfig{[:210,0.7]CH_2*3(-O-C(=[::360]O)-)} _{(\\mbox{\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a})}\r\n\\]\r\n\\[\r\n    \\ce{2HO-CH2-COOH <=>T[$\\ce{H2SO4_{(con_.)}}$][$\\triangle$] 2H2O + }\\chemfig{[:210,0.6]C(=[0]O)*6(-CH_2-O-C(=[4]O)-CH_2-O-)}\r\n\\]\r\n\r\n\u53cd\u5e94\u5386\u7a0b\uff1a\r\n\r\n\\[\r\n    \\chemfig{[:210,0.6]C(-[::150,0.6,,,white]O\\cancel{OH})*6(-CH_2-O\\cancel{H}-[,,,,white]C(-[::270,0.3,,,white]\\hspace{1em}\\cancel{HO}O)-CH_2-O\\cancel{H}-[,,,,white])}\\ce{-> 2H2O + }\\chemfig{[:210,0.6]C(=[0]O)*6(-CH_2-O-C(=[4]O)-CH_2-O-)}\r\n\\]\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff1a\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f\u7684\u5236\u5907}\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a}\r\n\r\n\u5728\u4e00\u652f\u8bd5\u7ba1\u4e2d\u5148\u540e\u52a0\u5165\u9002\u91cf\u4e59\u9187\u3001\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u3001\u4e59\u9178\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u51e0\u7247\u788e\u74f7\u7247\uff0c\u7528\u9152\u7cbe\u706f\u52a0\u70ed\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u84b8\u6c7d\u901a\u5728\u9971\u548c$\\ce{Na2CO3}$\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u6db2\u9762\u4e0a\u3002\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff1a}\\vspace{-1em}\r\n\r\n\\begin{center}\r\n    $\\chemfig{\\vphantom{CH_3}CH_3-[,0.6]C(-[@{left,0.5},0.6]OH)(=[2,0.6]O)}\r\n    \\polymerdelim[delimiters={\/.},height=3pt, depth=3pt, indice=\\color{white} n]{left}{right}$\r\n    $ +  \\chemfig{\\vphantom{C_2H_5}C_2H_5-[,0.6]O-[@{left,0.5},0.6]H} \\ce{<=>T[$\\ce{H2SO4_{(con_.)}}$][$\\triangle$]} \\chemfig{\\vphantom{CH_3}CH_3-[,0.6]C(=[2,0.6]O)-[@{right,0.5},0.6]O-[,0.6]C_2H_5} + \\ce{H2O}\r\n    \\polymerdelim[delimiters={\/\/},height=3pt, depth=3pt, indice=\\color{white} n]{left}{right}$\r\n\\end{center}\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u52a0\u5165\u4e59\u9187\u3001\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u3001\u4e59\u9178\u6709\u5148\u540e\u987a\u5e8f\uff1f}\r\n\r\n\\begin{inparaenum}[\\quad \u00b7]\r\n    \\item \u4e59\u9178\uff1a\u76f8\u8f83\u4e59\u9187\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u6325\u53d1\u3001\u66f4\u8d35\r\n    \\item \u6d53\u786b\u9178\uff1a\u201c\u9178\u5165\u6c34\u201d\r\n\\end{inparaenum}\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u52a0\u5165\u788e\u74f7\u7247\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff1f}\\quad \u9632\u6b62\u6db2\u4f53\u66b4\u6cb8\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u5bfc\u7ba1\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1f}\r\n\r\n\\begin{inparaenum}[\\quad 1)]\r\n    \\item \u5bfc\u6c14\r\n    \\item \u51b7\u51dd\r\n\\end{inparaenum}\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u5c06\u5bfc\u7ba1\u4f38\u5230\u6db2\u9762\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff1f}\\quad \u9632\u6b62\u5012\u5438\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u7528\u5c0f\u706b\u5747\u5300\u52a0\u70ed\uff1f}\\quad \u51cf\u5c11\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u6325\u53d1\uff0c\u589e\u5927\u4ea7\u7387\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u4f7f\u7528$\\ce{Na2CO3}$\u6eb6\u6db2\uff1f}\r\n\r\n\\begin{inparaenum}[\\quad 1)]\r\n    \\item \u4e2d\u548c\u4e59\u9178\r\n    \\item \u6eb6\u89e3\u4e59\u9187\r\n    \\item \u51cf\u5c0f\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u4fbf\u4e8e\u6eb6\u6db2\u5206\u5c42\r\n\\end{inparaenum}\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1f}\r\n\r\n\\begin{inparaenum}[\\quad 1)]\r\n    \\item \u4f5c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\r\n    \\item \u5438\u6c34\uff0c\u4f7f\u5e73\u8861\u6b63\u5411\u79fb\u52a8\r\n\\end{inparaenum}\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f\u7684\u5206\u79bb\uff1f}\\quad \u5206\u6db2\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u82e5\u5728\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f\u4e2d\u52a0\u78b1\uff1f}\\quad \u53d1\u751f\u916f\u7684\u6c34\u89e3\uff0c\u5373\u916f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u9006\u5411\u79fb\u52a8\uff08\u4e59\u9178\u88ab\u6d88\u8017\uff09\r\n\r\n\\textbf{\u916f\u7684\u6c34\u89e3:}\\vspace{-2em}\r\n\r\n\\[\r\n    \\ce{n H2O + \\mbox{\u916f} <=>\\mbox{\u9178} + \\mbox{\u9187} }\r\n\\]\r\n\r\n\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u201c\u5206\u78b3\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u6c34\u89e3\u4ea7\u7269\u9178\u548c\u9187\u7684\u542b\u78b3\u4e2a\u6570\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9700\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u591a\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\r\n\r\n\u52a0\u78b1\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u8017\u6c34\u89e3\u4ea7\u7269\uff08\u9178\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u916f\u7684\u6c34\u89e3\u3002\r\n\r\n\\newpage\r\n\r\n\\section{\u9644\u5f55}\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7684\u5206\u7c7b}\r\n\r\n\\begin{forest}\r\n    forest scheme\r\n    [\u6709\u673a\u7269\r\n        [\u70c3\r\n            [\u9971\u548c\u70c3\\\\\uff08\u70f7\u70c3\uff09\r\n                [\u94fe\u72b6\u70f7\u70c3]\r\n                [\u73af\u72b6\u70f7\u70c3\\\\ e.g. \u73af\u5df1\u70f7\uff08\u6700\u591a4\u4e2a\u78b3\u5171\u5e73\u9762\uff09]\r\n            ]\r\n            [\u4e0d\u9971\u548c\u70c3\r\n                [\u70ef\u70c3]\r\n                [\u7094\u70c3]\r\n                [\u82b3\u9999\u70c3\\\\ e.g.\u82ef\uff08\u6240\u6709\u78b3\u5171\u5e73\u9762\u3001$sp^2$\u6742\u5316\uff09]\r\n            ]\r\n        ]\r\n        [\u70c3\u7684\u884d\u751f\u7269]\r\n    ]\r\n\\end{forest}\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u6709\u673a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5206\u7c7b}\r\n\r\n\\begin{forest}\r\n    forest scheme\r\n    [\u6709\u673a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6750\u6599\r\n      [\u5851\u6599\r\n        [\u70ed\u5851\u6027\uff1a\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u3001\u805a\u4e19\u70ef\u3001\u805a\u6c2f\u4e59\u70ef\u3001\u805a\u82ef\u4e59\u70ef\u3001\u805a\u78b3\u9178\u916f\u3001\u5c3c\u9f99]\r\n        [\u70ed\u56fa\u6027\uff1a\u915a\u919b\u6811\u8102\u3001\u73af\u6c27\u6811\u8102\u3001\u6c28\u57fa\u6811\u8102\u3001\u4e0d\u9971\u548c\u805a\u916f\u548c\u805a\u6c28\u916f]\r\n      ]\r\n      [\u6a61\u80f6\r\n        [\u7ebf\u5f62\uff08\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f39\u6027\uff0c\u5f3a\u5ea6\u548c\u97e7\u6027\u5dee\uff09]\r\n        [\u7f51\u72b6\uff1a\u786b\u5316\u6a61\u80f6]\r\n      ]\r\n      [\u7ea4\u7ef4\r\n        [\u5929\u7136]\r\n        [\u5316\u5b66\u7ea4\u7ef4\r\n          [\u518d\u751f\uff08\u6539\u9020\u81ea\u7136\uff09]\r\n          [\u5408\u6210\uff08\u5316\u5de5\u5408\u6210\uff09]\r\n        ]\r\n      ]\r\n    ]\r\n\\end{forest}\r\n\r\n\\small \r\n\u6ce8\uff1a\r\n\r\n\u70ed\u5851\u6027\u5851\u6599\u662f\u5728\u52a0\u70ed\u65f6\u53d8\u8f6f\uff0c\u51b7\u5374\u65f6\u786c\u5316\u7684\u5851\u6599\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u7ebf\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\r\n\r\n\u70ed\u56fa\u6027\u5851\u6599\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u52a0\u70ed\u548c\u6210\u578b\u65f6\u4f1a\u53d8\u8f6f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u65e6\u51b7\u5374\u5e76\u56fa\u5316\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u575a\u786c\u4e14\u4e0d\u53ef\u518d\u5851\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u7f51\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\r\n\\normalsize\r\n\r\n\\subsection{\u8868\u683c\uff1a\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\uff09$\\Leftrightarrow $\u6027\u8d28}\r\n\r\n\\begin{table}[!ht]\r\n    \\centering\r\n    \\begin{tabular}{ccc}\r\n    \\hline\r\n        \\textbf{\u7ed3\u6784} & \\textbf{\u540d\u79f0} & \\textbf{\u6027\u8d28} \\\\ \\hline\r\n        $\\ce{C-H}$ & \u78b3\u6c22\u952e & \u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u5364\u7d20\uff09 \\\\ \r\n        \\vspace{1em}$\\chemfig{C(-[:120,0.4])(-[:240,0.4])=[,0.6]C(-[:60,0.4])(-[:300,0.4])}$ &\u78b3\u78b3\u53cc\u952e& 1) \u8fd8\u539f\u6027\\quad2) \u52a0\u6210\u53cd\u5e94  \\\\ \r\n        $\\ce{-OH}$ &\u7f9f\u57fa& 1)\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\uff08$Na$\uff09\\quad2)\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\\quad3) \u6d88\u53bb\u53cd\u5e94\\quad4)\u916f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\uff09 \\\\ \r\n        $\\ce{-CHO}$ &\u919b\u57fa& \u8fd8\u539f\u6027 \\\\ \r\n        $\\ce{-COOH}$ &\u7fa7\u57fa& 1)\u9178\u6027\\quad2)\u916f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\uff09 \\\\ \r\n        $\\ce{-COOR}$ &\u916f\u57fa& \u6c34\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\uff09 \\\\ \r\n        $\\chemfig{R_1-[,0.7]C(=[2,0.7]O)-[,0.7]R_2}$ &\u7fb0\u57fa& (-) \\\\\r\n        $\\chemfig{[,0.4]C(-[:120])(-[4])(-[:240])-[,0.6]O-[,0.6]C(-[:60])(-[0])(-[:300])}$ &\u919a\u952e &\u6c34\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\uff09 \\\\\r\n        $\\chemfig{[,0.5]*6(-=-=-=)}$ &\u82ef\u73af& (-) \\\\ \\hline\r\n    \\end{tabular}\r\n\\end{table}\r\n\\end{document}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e8c\u6709\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8d77\u56e0\u662f\u6709\u51e0\u4f4d\u540c\u5b66\u56e0\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u7ade\u8d5b\u7f3a\u8bfe\u4e86\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u8ba9\u6211\u6574\u7406\u4e00\u4efd\u7b14\u8bb0\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u505a\u90fd\u505a\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u628a\u5b83\u505a\u5b8c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[34,46,47],"class_list":["post-348","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemistry","tag-chemistry","tag-mustlearn2","tag-knowledgesort"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=348"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":418,"href":"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348\/revisions\/418"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=348"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=348"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lucas2011.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=348"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}